Critical Thinking

36. Explain how the discovery of fermented foods likely benefited our ancestors.
37. What evidence would you use to support this statement: Ancient people thought that disease was transmitted by things they could not see.
38. Why is using binomial nomenclature more useful than using common names?

39. Label the three Domains found on modern phylogenetic trees.

Description in caption.
The phylogenetic Tree of Life. A drawing of branching lines. The central line at the bottom branches into two main branches. On the left branch is a purple branch that contains the following sub-branches: Green filamentous bacteria, Gram positives, Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Spirocheres. The branch to the right subdivides into a red and a brown branch. The brown branch contains the following sub-branches: Smile molds, Plants, Fungi and Animals. The red branch contains the following sub-branches: Thermoproteus, Methanococcus, Methanobacterium, and Halophiles.
40. Contrast the behavior of a virus outside versus inside a cell.
41. Where would a virus, bacterium, animal cell, and a prion belong on this chart?
Description in caption.
A bar along the bottom indicates size of various objects. At the far right is a from egg at approximately 1 mm. To the left are a human egg and a pollen grain at approximately 0.1 mm. Next is a red blood cell at just under 10 µm. Next is a mitochondrion at approximately 1 µm. Next are proteins which range from 5-10 nm. Next are lipids which range from 2-5 nm. Next is C60 (fullerene molecule) which is approximately 1 nm. Finally, atoms are approximately 0.1 nm.

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