Chapter 1 – Healthy Behaviors and Wellness
Barriers to Change
Dr. James M. Olson, a psychology professor at the University of Western Ontario, London, has identified several psychological barriers that commonly prevent people from taking action, even when inaction poses a threat to their health. These barriers occur during three stages of behavior modification: admission of the problem, initial attempts to change, and long-term change as outlined below:
Barriers to Admission of the Problem
The first step in lasting change is admitting a problem exists. People often fail to change behavior that poses a risk to their health because they deny a risk exists, trivialize their personal risk, feel invulnerable, make a faulty conceptualization, (i.e., they attribute early warning signs to a benign cause), or experience debilitating emotions when contemplating preventative measures.
Barriers to Initial Attempts to Change
At this stage, people acknowledge the need to change but struggle to accomplish their goals. This failure is a result of lack of knowledge, low self-efficacy (the belief in one’s own ability to succeed at change), and dysfunctional attitudes.
Barriers to Long-term Change
Just because a person has experienced success in changing a behavior, that doesn’t mean the change is permanent. Barriers to long-term change include cognitive and motivational drift (diminishing enthusiasm for the need to change), lack of perceived improvement, lack of social support, and lapses.
What are some specific barriers to change you experience when considering healthful behaviors? People commonly cite things such as money, time, childcare, and safety as reasons that behavior change is difficult. An Example: If a person feels they do not have the time or money to eat healthy meals they may consider steps to remove these barriers such as researching easy to make meals that are cost effective, meal planning so cooking time is maximized and using food storage strategies to save time.
